Basal cell epithelioma, also known as basal cell carcinoma (BCC), is a type of skin cancer that originates in the basal cells of the skin's epidermis, the outermost layer. Basal cell epithelioma is the most common form of skin cancer, accounting for approximately 80% of all skin cancer cases.
Characterized by slow growth and rarely spreading to other parts of the body, basal cell epitheliomas usually develop on areas of the skin that are frequently exposed to the sun, such as the face, neck, and hands. They typically appear as a small, shiny bump or a reddish, irritated patch on the skin, sometimes resembling a scar or a pearly, translucent growth. In some cases, basal cell epitheliomas may ulcerate, bleed, or crust over.
The primary cause of basal cell epithelioma is believed to be cumulative and overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds. Factors such as fair skin, a history of sunburns, regular outdoor activities, and a family history of skin cancer also increase the risk of developing this condition.
Early detection and treatment of basal cell epithelioma are vital for successful outcomes. Treatment options include surgical excision, cryosurgery (freezing with liquid nitrogen), curettage and electrodesiccation (scraping and electrical burning), radiation therapy, topical medications, or Mohs micrographic surgery. The choice of treatment depends on various factors, including the size, location, and depth of the tumor, as well as the individual patient's health and preferences.
Due to its high prevalence and potential complications if left untreated, it is crucial to take precautions to prevent basal cell epithelioma. These precautions include practicing sun-protective behaviors such
