Basal cell cancer, also known as basal cell carcinoma (BCC), is a common type of skin cancer that originates in the basal cells of the epidermis, which is the topmost layer of the skin. Basal cells are responsible for producing new skin cells and are located at the base of the epidermis.
This slow-growing and usually non-life-threatening type of cancer typically develops as a result of long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds. It mostly occurs on areas of the body frequently exposed to sunlight, such as the face, neck, scalp, and arms.
Basal cell cancer usually presents as a small, pearly, or waxy bump on the skin, often resembling a translucent, flesh-colored or pinkish patch. It may have visible blood vessels or a depression in the center. As it progresses, it may develop into an open sore or ulcer that does not heal, or it may develop into a shiny, scar-like growth.
While basal cell cancer rarely spreads to other parts of the body, it can cause local destruction and disfigurement if left untreated. However, it is highly treatable, with a high cure rate when detected early. Treatment options include surgical excision, Mohs surgery, cryosurgery, radiation therapy, and topical medications. Regular skin examinations and sun protection measures are crucial in preventing the development of basal cell cancer.
