Peritonitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the peritoneum, which is the thin, transparent membrane lining the walls of the abdomen and covering the organs within it. This condition usually occurs as a result of infection and can be life-threatening if left untreated.
The peritoneum serves to protect and support the abdominal organs, producing a lubricating fluid that allows them to move smoothly against each other during bodily movements. When the peritoneum becomes infected or irritated, it can lead to inflammation and subsequently peritonitis.
The causes of peritonitis can include bacterial or fungal infections, such as from a burst appendix, a ruptured diverticulum, or abdominal surgery. Additionally, other medical conditions like liver disease, kidney dialysis, or pelvic inflammatory disease may contribute to the development of peritonitis.
Common symptoms of peritonitis include severe abdominal pain and tenderness, fever, nausea, vomiting, and a distended abdomen. In more severe cases, there may also be signs of dehydration, low blood pressure, abnormal heart rate, and difficulty passing urine or stool.
Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing peritonitis. Treatment typically involves antibiotic therapy to fight the infection, as well as surgical intervention to drain any fluid or remove any infected tissue that may be causing the inflammation.
In conclusion, peritonitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the peritoneum due to infection or irritation, which can result in severe abdominal pain and potentially life-threatening complications.
