EDS, or Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, is a rare group of genetic connective tissue disorders characterized by a range of symptoms affecting various body systems. It is named after two physicians, Edvard Ehlers and Henri-Alexandre Danlos, who first described the condition in medical literature. Connective tissues are responsible for providing strength, elasticity, and support to different structures in the body such as skin, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels, and internal organs. In EDS, defects in the production, processing, or structure of collagen – a crucial component of connective tissues – lead to the characteristic features of the syndrome.
People with EDS may experience hypermobility of joints, fragile and stretchy skin that is prone to bruising and slow wound healing, chronic joint pain, and increased susceptibility to dislocations and subluxations. Other common symptoms include easy scarring, eye problems such as nearsightedness, gastrointestinal disorders, cardiovascular abnormalities, and disorders affecting the autonomic nervous system such as POTS (Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome). The severity of EDS can range from mild, with minimal impact on daily life, to severe, causing significant disability and affecting overall quality of life.
EDS is diagnosed through a combination of clinical evaluation, family history, and genetic testing. Treatment primarily focuses on managing individual symptoms and preventing complications. This may involve physical therapy to improve stability and joint function, medications to manage pain, surgeries to correct joint dislocations or scoliosis, and ongoing monitoring and care from a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals. Education and support are also fundamental for individuals with EDS to better manage their condition and adapt to its challenges.
