Cancer of the liver, also known as hepatocellular carcinoma or hepatoma, is a type of malignancy that originates in the liver tissue. It is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal liver cells, which can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body.
The liver, located in the upper right abdomen, is responsible for various vital functions such as detoxifying harmful substances, producing bile to aid in digestion, and storing nutrients. Cancer of the liver typically develops in individuals with underlying liver disease, such as chronic hepatitis B or C infection, cirrhosis, or excessive alcohol consumption.
Symptoms of liver cancer may not be apparent in the early stages, but as the disease progresses, individuals may experience abdominal pain or swelling, unintended weight loss, fatigue, yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice), and a general feeling of illness. Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, as well as blood tests to examine liver function and identify potential markers of cancer.
The treatment approach for liver cancer depends on various factors, including the stage of the disease, overall health of the patient, and tumor characteristics. Options may include surgery to remove the tumor, liver transplant, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or targeted drug therapy. Prognosis for liver cancer varies widely, with early detection and treatment offering the best chance of successful outcomes. However, as liver cancer is often diagnosed at advanced stages, it is associated with a lower survival rate compared to many other cancers. Regular screenings, reducing risk factors such as alcohol abuse and viral infections, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help in the prevention and early detection of liver cancer.
