Cancer of the kidney, also known as renal cell carcinoma (RCC), refers to a malignant tumor that originates in the cells of the kidney. It is the most common form of adult kidney cancer and accounts for about 90% of all kidney cancer cases. The condition typically develops in the lining of the small tubes within the kidney, known as tubules, which filter blood and produce urine.
Renal cell carcinoma often exhibits few early symptoms, making it challenging to detect in its early stages. However, as the cancer progresses, individuals might experience symptoms such as blood in the urine (hematuria), persistent pain in the back or side, unintentional weight loss, fatigue, a mass or lump in the abdominal area, and recurring fevers. These symptoms may vary depending on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer.
The exact causes of kidney cancer are not fully understood, but several risk factors have been identified, including smoking, obesity, hypertension, genetic predisposition, and exposure to certain chemicals or substances. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in improving the prognosis and overall outcomes for patients with kidney cancer.
Treatment options for kidney cancer may include surgical removal of the tumor, either partially (partial nephrectomy) or completely (radical nephrectomy), depending on the stage and location of the cancerous growth. Other treatment modalities such as targeted therapies, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy may also be employed in certain cases. Prompt medical intervention, coupled with ongoing monitoring and follow-up, can help manage and potentially cure kidney cancer.
