Cancer of the intestines, also known as colorectal cancer or bowel cancer, is a malignant condition that affects the gastrointestinal system, specifically the colon (large intestine) and rectum (end of the large intestine). It arises when abnormal cells within the inner lining of the intestines undergo uncontrolled growth, forming tumors that can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body.
Symptoms of cancer of the intestines may vary depending on the location and stage of the disease but often include persistent changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhea or constipation, blood in the stool, abdominal pain or cramping, unintended weight loss, and fatigue. However, these symptoms can also indicate other medical conditions, so it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis.
Risk factors for developing cancer of the intestines include age (typically over 50), a family history of the disease, a history of certain inherited genetic syndromes, a personal history of inflammatory bowel disease, a high-fat diet, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption. Early detection and treatment can greatly improve outcomes, hence routine screening tests like colonoscopy are recommended for individuals at risk or as age-appropriate.
Treatment approaches for cancer of the intestines depend on various factors, such as the stage and extent of the disease, the patient's overall health, and individual preferences. Common treatment modalities include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted drug therapy, and immunotherapy. Multidisciplinary teams of healthcare professionals work together to provide tailored treatment plans aimed at removing or controlling the cancer and improving the patient's quality of life.
