Cancer of nasopharynx, also known as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), is a malignant tumor that develops in the nasopharynx, which is the uppermost part of the pharynx located behind the nose and above the back of the throat. It is a relatively rare form of cancer, accounting for about 0.25% of all cancer cases worldwide.
This type of cancer typically arises from the epithelial cells lining the surface of the nasopharynx and is strongly associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. It primarily affects people of East Asian descent, particularly those from southern China, Southeast Asia, and North Africa. The exact cause of NPC is not fully understood, but factors such as genetic predisposition, exposure to certain environmental factors, and dietary habits have been suggested to contribute to its development.
Symptoms of cancer of nasopharynx may include persistent nasal congestion, frequent nosebleeds, a lump in the neck, hearing loss, headache, blurred vision, and breathing difficulties. Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, imaging tests, and tissue biopsy.
Treatment options for cancer of nasopharynx depend on various factors including the stage of the disease, the size and location of the tumor, and the patient's overall health. They may include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, surgery, or a combination of these approaches. Prognosis varies depending on disease stage and response to treatment, with earlier detection generally associated with better outcomes.
Regular follow-ups are essential as the cancer of nasopharynx can recur even after successful treatment.
