Vertebral artery stenoses refer to the narrowing or constriction of the vertebral arteries, which are two major blood vessels responsible for supplying oxygen-rich blood to the brain. Stenosis occurs when there is an abnormal narrowing or blockage of the vessel, often due to the build-up of plaque or atherosclerosis.
The vertebral arteries are located in the neck and are responsible for supplying blood to the posterior part of the brain, including the brainstem and cerebellum. When these arteries become stenotic, blood flow to these vital areas can be compromised, leading to a range of potential complications.
Symptoms of vertebral artery stenoses can vary depending on the severity of the narrowing and the specific area of the brain affected. Common symptoms may include dizziness, vertigo, imbalance, impaired coordination, difficulty swallowing, blurred vision, and headache. In severe cases, it can result in transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) or even stroke.
Diagnosing vertebral artery stenoses typically involves a combination of imaging techniques such as Doppler ultrasound, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), or computed tomography angiography (CTA). Treatment options may depend on the severity of stenosis and the presence of symptoms. Medications to prevent blood clots may be prescribed, while more severe cases may require interventions such as angioplasty, stenting, or, in rare cases, surgical interventions to restore blood flow.
Early detection and treatment of vertebral artery stenoses are crucial to prevent complications like strokes and to manage associated symptoms effectively. Regular check-ups with a healthcare professional can help identify and manage risk factors that contribute to the development of stenoses and maintain optimal brain health.
