KETONES Meaning and
Definition
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Ketones are organic molecules that feature a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two other carbon atoms within the molecule. They are a specific type of organic compound and belong to the larger class of functional groups known as carbonyl compounds.
Ketones can be produced through the oxidation of secondary alcohols or by the breakdown of fatty acids in the liver. They are commonly found in the human body during periods of fasting or prolonged exercise. In this context, ketones act as an alternative energy source when glucose levels are depleted.
In terms of chemical properties, ketones are characterized by their reactivity due to the presence of the carbonyl group. They undergo various reactions including nucleophilic additions, reductions, and condensations. Ketones can also participate in cross-coupling reactions and serve as effective electrophiles in organic synthesis.
Common examples of ketones include acetone, which is the simplest and most well-known ketone, as well as more complex ketones like acetophenone and camphor. Ketones are widely utilized in industry and laboratory settings as solvents, starting materials for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and polymers, and as flavoring agents in the food and beverage industry.
In summary, ketones are organic compounds that contain a carbonyl group bonded to two carbon atoms. They play important roles in metabolism, function as alternative energy sources, and have diverse applications in various fields due to their reactivity and distinct chemical properties.
Common Misspellings for KETONES
Etymology of KETONES
The word "ketone" comes from the German word "Keton", which is derived from the Greek word "kéton". The Greek word "kéton" means "hydrocarbon with oxygen" and is formed from the Greek word "kḗtos", which means "sea monster". This etymology reflects the early discovery of ketones, which were initially isolated from a substance called "acetone" found in the distillation of fermented liquids, such as wine and sea monster oils.
