Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) is a therapeutic substance derived from human plasma and administered intravenously to individuals with weakened immune systems or certain medical conditions. IVIG is composed of immunoglobulins, which are antibodies that help fight off infections and diseases.
IVIG is obtained through a process called plasma fractionation, where plasma is separated from donated blood and then purified. This ensures that the final product is safe and free from any potential contaminants. The immunoglobulins present in IVIG are primarily IgG antibodies, which provide passive immunity to the recipient.
IVIG is used to treat a variety of conditions, including primary immunodeficiencies, autoimmune diseases, and certain neurological disorders. It works by replenishing the deficient or malfunctioning antibodies in the patient's bloodstream, thus boosting their immune system and helping to prevent infections.
The administration of IVIG is typically done by medical professionals in a hospital or clinical setting. The exact dosage and frequency of IVIG treatment depend on the specific condition being treated and the individual patient's needs. The infusion process usually takes several hours, during which the patient is closely monitored for any adverse reactions.
While IVIG is generally considered safe, there can be potential side effects, such as headache, fever, nausea, or allergic reactions. As with any medical treatment, it is crucial for healthcare providers to assess the patient's medical history and monitor their response to IVIG to ensure its effectiveness and safety.
