IMMUNOELECTROBLOTTING Meaning and
Definition
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Immunoelectroblotting is a laboratory technique used in molecular biology for the detection and identification of specific proteins present in a biological sample. It combines the principles of electrophoresis and immunoblotting to facilitate the specific binding and visualization of target proteins.
The process of immunoelectroblotting begins by separating proteins based on their molecular weight using gel electrophoresis. Typically, a polyacrylamide gel is used for this purpose. The gel is subjected to an electric field, causing the proteins to migrate through it at different rates, ultimately forming distinct bands according to their size.
Once the electrophoresis is complete, the proteins are transferred (blotted) onto a solid membrane, such as nitrocellulose or PVDF. This is achieved by placing the membrane on top of the gel and applying an electrical current perpendicular to the gel plane, causing the proteins to transfer to the membrane.
Subsequently, the transferred proteins are probed with specific antibodies, usually conjugated with an enzyme or fluorophore, which bind exclusively to the target protein(s) of interest. This step allows for the detection and visualization of the specific protein band(s) through a variety of imaging methods, such as chemiluminescence or fluorescence.
Immunoelectroblotting is widely used in research and diagnostic settings to identify and study the presence, abundance, and post-translational modifications of proteins. It offers excellent specificity, allowing the precise identification of target proteins even when present in complex mixtures.
Common Misspellings for IMMUNOELECTROBLOTTING
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Etymology of IMMUNOELECTROBLOTTING
The word "Immunoelectroblotting" is a combination of several roots:
1. "Immun" refers to immunology, which is the study of the immune system and its components.
2. "Electro" pertains to electricity or electric current.
3. "Blotting" refers to the technique called "Western blotting", which is a widely used laboratory method for detecting specific proteins in a sample.
Therefore, "Immunoelectroblotting" is a term coined to describe a technique that combines immunology, electricity, and Western blotting to detect and analyze specific proteins using electrical currents and antibodies.
