GRAFT VS NEOPLASM RESPONSES Meaning and
Definition
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Graft vs Neoplasm (GvN) responses refer to the immunological reactions that occur between a graft, typically an organ or tissue transplant, and a neoplasm, which is an abnormal growth of cells, commonly known as a tumor. This response is characterized by the immune system's recognition and rejection of the neoplasm that may arise in the grafted tissue.
In a GvN response, the immune system acts to eliminate the cancerous cells present in the transplanted tissue. This immune reaction is mediated by specialized immune cells, such as T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, which recognize tumor-specific antigens expressed on the neoplastic cells. These immune cells then initiate an immune response, leading to the destruction of the cancer cells.
GvN responses are an important mechanism by which the immune system protects the body against the development and progression of cancer. They can be beneficial in preventing tumor growth and recurrence in transplant recipients. However, in some cases, GvN responses can also lead to graft rejection, where the immune system targets both the neoplasm and the grafted tissue, potentially endangering the survival of the transplanted organ or tissue.
Understanding the delicate balance between GvN responses and graft rejection is crucial for clinicians involved in organ and tissue transplantation, as it can inform therapeutic strategies to selectively target the neoplastic cells without harming the graft. Additionally, GvN responses have been studied extensively in the field of immunotherapy, with efforts being made to harness this natural immune response to improve cancer treatment.
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