GRAFT VS NEOPLASM EFFECTS Meaning and
Definition
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Graft vs Neoplasm Effects refers to a phenomenon occurring in medical transplantation procedures, where immune cells present in the transplanted tissue or organ attack cancerous cells. In a graft vs neoplasm effect, the transplanted tissue or organ acts as a source of anti-cancer immune response in the recipient's body.
During transplantation, the transplanted graft may contain immune cells, such as T cells, natural killer cells, or dendritic cells, that have the ability to recognize and target abnormal or cancerous cells. These immune cells can identify the cancer cells as foreign or damaged, initiating an immune response against them. This phenomenon is known as graft vs neoplasm effects.
Graft vs neoplasm effects are particularly significant in the context of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), also known as bone marrow transplantation. In HSCT, healthy stem cells are infused into a patient to replace their damaged or malignant bone marrow. Besides replenishing the patient's blood and immune systems, the transplanted graft may have immune cells capable of attacking any remaining cancer cells or preventing their recurrence. This immunological defense against cancer is an important therapeutic aspect of HSCT.
Understanding the graft vs neoplasm effects has proven beneficial in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Researchers are exploring techniques to enhance these effects and use them in the treatment of various types of cancer. Further studies are being conducted to characterize these anti-cancer immune cells present in grafts and to develop strategies to optimize their effectiveness against neoplastic diseases.
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