How Do You Spell GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASES?

Pronunciation: [ɡlˌuːtɐθˈa͡ɪ͡əni tɹansfˈɜːɹe͡ɪzɪz] (IPA)

Glutathione Transferases is a complex term where the spelling reflects its phonetic pronunciation. IPA phonetic transcription breaks this term down into its individual sounds - ɡluːtəθaɪəʊn trænsfɜːreɪsɪz - allowing for a better understanding of why each letter is present. For instance, "gl" is pronounced as "ɡl", "u" as "uː", "th" as "θ", and "ei" as "eɪ". As for the rest of the letters, they represent their expected sound values. This term is essential in the study of chemical processes involving glutathione, which is a critical cellular antioxidant.

GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASES Meaning and Definition

1. Glutathione Transferases (GSTs) are a group of enzymes that play a crucial role in the detoxification process by catalyzing the transfer of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) to various electrophilic compounds. They are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including mammals, plants, and insects.

   The primary function of GSTs is to protect cells from harmful substances, such as environmental toxins, reactive oxygen species, and chemotherapeutic drugs, by facilitating their conjugation with GSH. This process results in the formation of water-soluble and less toxic products that can be readily eliminated from the body.

   GSTs are highly versatile enzymes, exhibiting broad substrate specificity. They can metabolize a wide range of endogenous and exogenous compounds, including xenobiotics, carcinogens, and certain drugs. Due to their involvement in drug metabolism, GSTs can also influence the efficacy and toxicity of pharmaceutical compounds.

   In addition to detoxification, GSTs are implicated in other cellular functions, such as signaling pathways and transport of molecules. Some isoforms of GSTs have been found to interact with proteins involved in cell cycle regulation, signaling cascades, and apoptosis, suggesting their involvement in cellular processes beyond detoxification.

   The activity of GSTs can be influenced by various factors, including genetic polymorphisms, environmental exposures, and disease states. Variations in GST genes have been associated with altered susceptibility to several diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and inflammatory conditions.

   In summary, glutathione transferases are a group of crucial enzymes involved in the detoxification of harmful compounds, protecting cells from oxidative damage, and assisting in cellular processes beyond detoxification.

Common Misspellings for GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASES

• flutathione transferases
• vlutathione transferases
• blutathione transferases
• hlutathione transferases
• ylutathione transferases
• tlutathione transferases
• gkutathione transferases
• gputathione transferases
• goutathione transferases
• glytathione transferases
• glhtathione transferases
• gljtathione transferases
• glitathione transferases
• gl8tathione transferases
• gl7tathione transferases
• glurathione transferases
• glufathione transferases
• glugathione transferases
• gluyathione transferases
• glu6athione transferases

Etymology of GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASES

The word "glutathione transferases" has its etymology rooted in two different components: "glutathione" and "transferases".

1. Glutathione: Glutathione is a tripeptide molecule composed of three amino acids - glutamate, cysteine, and glycine. It has a crucial role in various cellular processes, including detoxification, antioxidant defense, and modulation of cellular signaling.

The word "glutathione" itself is derived from the combination of two words:

- "glutamic acid": an amino acid involved in protein synthesis and neurotransmission, derived from the Latin "glutinum" meaning "glue".

- "cysteine": an amino acid involved in the formation of proteins, derived from the Latin "cysteinum" or "cystis" meaning "bladder" or "cyst".