Coronary Artery Bypasses (CABG), also known as coronary bypass or bypass surgery, is a surgical procedure performed to restore blood flow to the heart muscles by creating a new pathway for the blood to bypass blocked or narrowed coronary arteries. The coronary arteries are responsible for supplying oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscles, and when these arteries become clogged with plaque or fatty deposits, it can lead to chest pain (angina), heart attack, or even death.
During a coronary artery bypass surgery, the surgeon takes a healthy blood vessel, often from the leg or chest, and grafts it onto the affected coronary artery, bypassing the blocked or narrowed section. This new graft, called a bypass, allows blood to flow directly into the heart muscles beyond the blockage, restoring normal blood circulation. In some cases, multiple bypass grafts may be performed, depending on the severity and number of blockages.
Coronary artery bypasses are typically indicated for individuals with severe coronary artery disease who have not sufficiently responded to other treatments such as medication or lifestyle modifications. Symptoms that may necessitate this procedure include persistent chest pain, shortness of breath, or a reduced ability to perform physical activities.
While coronary artery bypass surgery is a major surgical procedure requiring anesthesia and a sternotomy (opening of the chest), it has shown to be highly effective in improving blood flow to the heart and relieving symptoms associated with coronary artery disease. This procedure can greatly enhance the quality of life for individuals with severe coronary artery disease and reduce the risk of complications, such as heart attack.
It is important to note that coronary artery bypass surgery does not cure coronary artery disease, but rather seeks to alleviate symptoms and improve blood flow to the heart muscles, allowing individuals to resume normal or near-normal activities.
