Chronic hydrocephalus (kraw-NIK hye-druh-SEF-uh-luhs) is a medical condition where there is an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. The word "chronic" describes the long-term nature of the condition and "hydrocephalus" refers to the accumulation of fluid. The IPA phonetic transcription of this word helps to explain the spelling, with each syllable accurately represented by its exact sound. Understanding the proper spelling and pronouncing this condition can aid in proper diagnosis and treatment for those affected by it.
Chronic hydrocephalus, also known as long-standing hydrocephalus, is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain's ventricles. CSF is a clear, colorless fluid that surrounds and cushions the brain and spinal cord. It is produced by specialized cells in the brain called the choroid plexus and is responsible for the transport of nutrients and waste products.
In the case of chronic hydrocephalus, there is an obstruction or impairment in the normal flow or absorption of CSF within the brain. This can occur as a result of congenital anomalies, brain injuries, infections, tumors, hemorrhages, or other underlying health conditions. Over time, the build-up of CSF leads to an increase in intracranial pressure, which can result in a variety of neurological symptoms.
Common signs and symptoms of chronic hydrocephalus may include chronic headaches, difficulty walking (gait disturbances), memory problems, loss of bladder control, impaired coordination, and cognitive decline. These symptoms can vary depending on the age and overall health of the affected individual.
Treatment for chronic hydrocephalus typically involves surgical intervention to remove the excess CSF and restore normal fluid flow. This can be done through the placement of a shunt system, which consists of a tube that diverts the excess fluid from the brain to another part of the body, such as the abdomen, where it can be reabsorbed. In some cases, an alternative surgical procedure called endoscopic third ventriculostomy may be performed to create a new pathway for CSF drainage.
Overall, chronic hydrocephalus is a complex and potentially serious condition that requires medical intervention to relieve symptoms and prevent further complications.
A gradual accumulation of fluid in the ventricles of the brain, occurring in infancy, causing enlargement of the head and signs of mental deficiency.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The word "chronic hydrocephalus" can be broken down into its components to understand its etymology:
1. Chronic: The term "chronic" comes from the Greek word "khronikos", meaning "of time" or "having a long duration". It refers to a condition or disease that persists over an extended period.
2. Hydrocephalus: The word "hydrocephalus" has its roots in the Greek language as well. It is derived from "hydōr", meaning "water", and "kephalē", meaning "head". Hydrocephalus is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the cavities of the brain, leading to an enlarged head or other related symptoms.