Chronic Hepatitis B is a medical condition characterized by long-term inflammation of the liver caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). The term "chronic" refers to the duration of the disease, which typically persists for more than six months. Hepatitis B is a viral infection that primarily attacks the liver, leading to a range of symptoms and potential complications.
In chronic Hepatitis B, the immune system is unable to clear the virus from the body completely. This results in ongoing inflammation and damage to the liver tissue. The virus is transmitted through exposure to infected blood or body fluids, sharing needles, sexual contact, or from an infected mother to her child during childbirth.
Symptoms of chronic Hepatitis B may vary, ranging from mild to severe. Common symptoms include fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes), and abdominal pain. However, it is worth noting that some individuals with chronic Hepatitis B may not display any noticeable symptoms for years.
If left untreated, chronic Hepatitis B can lead to serious liver complications, such as liver cirrhosis (scarring) and liver cancer. Treatment options for chronic Hepatitis B typically focus on slowing the progression of the disease, managing symptoms, and reducing the risk of complications. Antiviral medications, immune system modulators, and regular monitoring are key components of managing chronic Hepatitis B. It is crucial for individuals with chronic Hepatitis B to work closely with healthcare professionals to develop a suitable treatment plan.
