Chronic heart disease, also known as chronic cardiovascular disease, refers to a group of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels over a long period of time. It is a term used to describe a range of cardiovascular disorders that can lead to progressive damage to the heart, impaired heart function, and increased risk of heart-related complications.
This condition is usually caused by a combination of factors, including genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices, and underlying health conditions. Risk factors such as smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, and diabetes contribute to the development and progression of chronic heart disease.
Common types of chronic heart disease include coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. These conditions involve the narrowing or blockage of the blood vessels supplying the heart muscle, weakening of the heart muscle, or disturbances in the heart's electrical activity.
Individuals with chronic heart disease may experience symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, irregular heartbeat, and swelling in the legs and ankles. If left untreated, chronic heart disease can lead to serious complications like heart attack, stroke, or sudden cardiac death.
Management of chronic heart disease typically involves medication to control symptoms, lifestyle modifications such as adopting a heart-healthy diet and regular exercise, and in some cases, surgical interventions like angioplasty or bypass surgery. Regular monitoring and follow-up with healthcare professionals are essential to prevent disease progression and reduce the risk of complications.
