Cholecystokinin Octapeptide is a hormone that regulates digestive processes in mammals. The spelling of this technical term may seem daunting, but the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) can help to break it down. The word is pronounced as [ˌkɒliːsɪstoʊˌkɪnɪn ˌɒkteɪˈpeptɪd], with the stress falling on the second syllable of "cholecystokinin" and the third syllable of "octapeptide". The syllable "sto" in "cholecystokinin" is spelled with an "o" instead of a "u" due to its Greek roots.
Cholecystokinin octapeptide, commonly referred to as CCK-8, is a peptide hormone that is produced and released by the enteroendocrine cells located in the lining of the upper small intestine and the brain. It plays a crucial role in regulating the digestion and absorption of nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract.
CCK-8 is composed of eight amino acid residues and is derived from the larger prohormone cholecystokinin. Upon ingestion of food, the release of CCK-8 is stimulated by the presence of fatty acids and amino acids in the chyme, the partially digested food in the stomach. It acts as a hormone, signaling the gallbladder to contract and release stored bile, which aids in the breakdown and absorption of dietary fats. CCK-8 also acts on the pancreas, stimulating the secretion of digestive enzymes necessary for the digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.
Furthermore, CCK-8 functions as a neuropeptide in the central nervous system, where it acts as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator. It plays a role in regulating appetite and satiety, with increased levels of CCK-8 signaling the brain to induce feelings of fullness and reduce food intake. It is believed to contribute to the long-term regulation of body weight and energy balance.
In summary, cholecystokinin octapeptide is a peptide hormone that is released by the enteroendocrine cells in response to the presence of nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract. It regulates digestion, stimulates bile release, and influences appetite and satiety, thus playing a crucial role in the overall digestive process and energy balance.
The word "Cholecystokinin Octapeptide" can be broken down into two parts: "cholecystokinin" and "octapeptide".1. Cholecystokinin: The term "cholecystokinin" comes from combining two words: "cholecysto", which refers to the gallbladder, and "kinin", which denotes a substance that affects smooth muscle. Cholecystokinin is a hormone that is released by the cells in the small intestine and controls the contraction of the gallbladder, as well as the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas.2. Octapeptide: The word "octapeptide" consists of two parts, "octa" meaning eight and "peptide", which refers to a chain of amino acids. In this case, the octapeptide signifies that the cholecystokinin molecule is composed of eight amino acids in its structure.