Cholecystokinin Pancreozymin Receptors, also known as CCK receptors, are a type of G-protein coupled receptors found in the gastrointestinal system, particularly in the pancreas and gallbladder. These receptors are responsible for binding to the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) and pancreozymin, which are derived from the same precursor molecule.
CCK receptors are classified into two main subtypes, CCK1 receptors (also known as CCK-A receptors) and CCK2 receptors (also known as CCK-B receptors), based on their specific affinity and function. CCK1 receptors are predominantly found in the gallbladder, sphincter of Oddi, and pancreatic acini, where they mediate the release of bile, digestive enzymes, and pancreatic juices. On the other hand, CCK2 receptors are primarily located in the gastric mucosa and stimulate the secretion of gastric acid.
Activation of CCK receptors triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling pathways, leading to various physiological responses. Stimulation of CCK1 receptors results in smooth muscle contraction, increased gallbladder contraction, and pancreatic enzyme secretion, while CCK2 receptor activation induces the release of gastric acid and stimulates cell growth and proliferation.
Modulation of CCK receptors has significant implications in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Agonists and antagonists targeting CCK receptors have been developed as therapeutic agents for conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), functional dyspepsia, and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency.
In summary, Cholecystokinin Pancreozymin Receptors are membrane-bound proteins that mediate the effects of cholecystokinin and pancreozymin hormones in the gastrointestinal system, regulating processes such as digestion, gastric acid secretion
