Vertebral ankylosing hyperostosis, also known as Forestier's disease or diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), is a non-inflammatory degenerative condition that affects the spine, particularly the vertebrae. It is characterized by abnormal bone formation, known as hyperostosis, leading to the ossification (calcification and hardening) of ligaments and tendons that attach to the spine.
In vertebral ankylosing hyperostosis, bone spurs or bony outgrowths, called osteophytes, develop along the sides of the vertebrae, which can lead to the formation of a continuous bridge of bone between adjacent vertebrae. This condition typically affects the lower back (lumbar spine) and the mid-back (thoracic spine). However, it can also involve the neck (cervical spine) and other joints of the body, such as the shoulder or hip.
Symptoms of vertebral ankylosing hyperostosis may vary depending on the location and extent of the bone growth. Common symptoms include stiffness, limited range of motion, and pain in the affected area. In some cases, the excessive bone growth may also lead to compression of nearby nerves, resulting in radiating pain and neurological symptoms.
The exact cause of vertebral ankylosing hyperostosis is unknown. However, certain factors such as age, genetics, obesity, and metabolic disorders are believed to contribute to its development. Diagnosis is often made through imaging techniques like X-rays or CT scans, which can reveal the presence of bone spurs and fused vertebrae.
Treatment for vertebral ankylosing hyperostosis aims to manage symptoms and improve function. It usually involves a combination of pain management strategies, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications such as
