Vertebral ankylosing hyperostoses, also known as diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, or DISH, is a medical condition characterized by abnormal bone growth and ossification in the spine. It primarily affects the ligaments and tendons that attach to the vertebrae, leading to the formation of excess bone along the spine. This condition predominantly occurs in older individuals, typically over the age of 50, and its prevalence is higher in males compared to females.
The hyperostosis in vertebral ankylosing hyperostoses can cause stiffness, pain, and reduced range of motion in the affected area of the spine. As the condition progresses, it can lead to the fusion of adjacent vertebrae, resulting in a loss of mobility and flexion. In some cases, DISH can also affect other areas of the body where ligaments and tendons attach to bones, such as the hips, knees, shoulders, and heels.
The exact cause of vertebral ankylosing hyperostoses is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of factors, including genetics, lifestyle, and age-related changes in bone metabolism. Certain risk factors, such as obesity, diabetes, and certain medications, have been associated with an increased likelihood of developing DISH.
Treatment for vertebral ankylosing hyperostoses typically focuses on managing the symptoms and reducing pain. This may involve nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications, such as weight management and regular exercise. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to address spinal fusion or correct complications arising from the condition.
