Synostosis is a medical term that refers to the complete fusion or union of two or more bones in the body, resulting in the formation of a solid bony structure. This fusion occurs as a natural process during growth and development, as certain bones in the body gradually connect to each other over time. The fusion commonly occurs at the junction where two bones meet, such as at a joint or an area of bone connection known as sutures.
In synostosis, the normal joint space or separation between bones is absent, leading to a rigid and immovable connection. This condition can occur as a result of various factors, including genetics, abnormalities in embryonic development, trauma, infection, or even as a consequence of certain medical procedures.
Synostosis can manifest in different areas of the body, with common examples including craniosynostosis (fusion of the skull bones), radio-ulnar synostosis (fusion of the forearm bones), or tarsal coalitions (fusion of certain bones in the foot). Depending on the location and severity of the fusion, synostosis can cause a range of symptoms, such as restricted movement, deformities, limb length discrepancies, and in some cases, functional impairment.
Treatment for synostosis typically involves a multidisciplinary approach, with options including physical therapy, orthopedic interventions, surgical procedures to remove or separate the fused bones, or the use of orthotic devices to support and stabilize affected areas. The specific treatment plan will depend on the individual case, considering factors such as age, overall health, extent of fusion, and the presence of any associated complications.
