Squamous cell carcinoma is a type of malignant cancer arising from the squamous cells found in the epithelial tissue, which lines various organs and structures in the body. This aggressive form of skin cancer forms as a result of the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of abnormal squamous cells.
Squamous cells are found in the outer layer of the skin, as well as in the lining of certain organs such as the lungs, throat, esophagus, and genitalia. When mutated or damaged DNA affects these cells, they can rapidly divide and accumulate, forming tumors that can invade nearby tissues and, in some cases, spread to distant areas of the body.
Common risk factors for developing squamous cell carcinoma include excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun or tanning beds, fair skin, a history of sunburns, compromised immune system, exposure to certain chemicals, and smoking.
The appearance of squamous cell carcinoma can vary depending on its location, but it often appears as a red, scaly patch, a sore or non-healing wound, or an elevated growth with a central depression. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent spread and potential complications. Treatment options may include surgical removal, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of these depending on the stage and location of the cancer.
Regular self-examinations, sun protection measures, and timely medical evaluation of suspicious skin lesions are essential for early detection and prevention of squamous cell carcinoma.
