Squamous cell cancers, also known as squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), are a type of skin cancer that originates in the squamous cells, which are thin, flat cells that form the outermost layers of the skin. Squamous cell cancers can also develop in the lining of certain organs, such as the cervix, throat, esophagus, bladder, and lungs. They are one of the most common types of skin cancer, making up around 20% of all skin cancer cases.
Clinically, squamous cell cancers often appear as scaly, red, rough, or crusty patches or sores that don't heal or go away. They may also manifest as nodules or a wart-like growth on the skin. Squamous cell cancers can occur on any part of the body, but are most commonly found on areas that are frequently exposed to the sun, such as the face, ears, neck, lips, and hands. Chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight or tanning beds is a major risk factor for the development of squamous cell cancers.
If left untreated, squamous cell cancers can grow and invade surrounding tissues, potentially spreading to nearby lymph nodes or other parts of the body. However, when diagnosed and treated early, the prognosis for squamous cell cancers is generally good. Treatment options for squamous cell cancers may include surgical removal, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or topical medications, depending on the location, size, and stage of the cancer. Regular skin checks, sun protection, and early detection are crucial in preventing and managing squamous cell cancers.
