SERTOLI Meaning and
Definition
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Sertoli cells, also known as Sertoli's cells or Sertoli's epithelial cells, are specialized cells found in the testes of male mammals. They play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of the seminiferous tubules, which are responsible for the production of sperm cells.
These cells are named after Italian physiologist Enrico Sertoli, who first described them in 1865. Sertoli cells are considered the "nurse" or "sustentacular" cells of the testes, as they provide structural and nutritional support to the developing sperm cells throughout their maturation process.
Functionally, Sertoli cells are involved in various important processes. They actively secrete several proteins, including androgen-binding protein (ABP) and inhibin. ABP helps to concentrate and enhance the availability of androgens, such as testosterone, to the developing sperm cells, while inhibin regulates and inhibits the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the pituitary gland.
Additionally, Sertoli cells form tight junctions that create a blood-testis barrier, preventing the passage of harmful substances and immune cells from entering the seminiferous tubules. This barrier is crucial for the protection and isolation of developing sperm cells from the systemic circulation.
Sertoli cells also aid in phagocytosis, the process of engulfing and eliminating damaged or defective sperm cells. They provide physical support for the developing sperm cells by facilitating their attachment to the seminiferous tubules.
Overall, Sertoli cells are essential for the proper functioning and development of the male reproductive system, playing a central role in the production of sperm cells and the maintenance of the testicular environment.
Etymology of SERTOLI
The word "Sertoli" is derived from the surname of the Italian biologist Enrico Sertoli. Enrico Sertoli was an anatomist and histologist who conducted extensive research on the male reproductive system in the late 19th century. In 1865, he described a unique type of cells in the testes, now known as the Sertoli cells, which play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of sperm cells. As a tribute to his significant contributions to the field of reproductive biology, these cells were named after him, and the term "Sertoli" has since been used to refer to these specialized cells.
