SCLEREIDS Meaning and
Definition
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Sclereids, also known as stone cells or stone parenchyma cells, are a type of specialized plant cells found in various parts of plants, particularly in dense tissues such as fruits, nuts, seeds, and the husks and shells of these reproductive structures. Sclereids are characterized by their tough and thick walls, which are heavily lignified and contain a high amount of secondary cell wall materials like cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin.
These cells are usually isodiametric in shape, meaning they are roughly spherical or cuboidal, and have irregular cellular contours. They are usually smaller in size compared to other cell types. Sclereids can occur as individual cells or as clusters within specific plant tissues, providing mechanical support and protection to the surrounding structures.
The presence of sclereids contributes to the overall hardness and rigidity of plant tissues. In fruit and seed tissues, sclereids may aid in the dispersal of seeds or nuts by providing strength and resistance against physical damage, such as compression or impact. In some cases, the accumulation of sclereids may impart a characteristic gritty or crunchy texture to fruits or nuts.
While sclereids are mainly associated with providing mechanical support and protective functions, they may also play a role in water transport or storage in some plant parts.
Common Misspellings for SCLEREIDS
Etymology of SCLEREIDS
The word "sclereids" has a Greek origin. It is derived from the Greek word "skleros", which means hard or tough. The suffix "-eid" in sclereids indicates that it is a plural form, typically used for cells or structures. In botany, sclereids refer to specialized plant cells that have thick walls and provide support and protection to plant tissues.
