NEUROTRANSMITTER SYSTEM Meaning and
Definition
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A neurotransmitter system is a complex network of molecules and structures in the body that play a crucial role in transmitting messages between nerve cells or neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). It is a fundamental component of the intricate communication system that enables the brain to regulate and control various bodily functions.
Neurotransmitter systems are composed of neurotransmitters, which are specialized chemical messengers that transmit signals across the synapses, the small gaps between neurons. These chemicals are released from the presynaptic neuron and bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, generating electrochemical impulses that carry information throughout the nervous system.
There are several neurotransmitter systems in the body, each consisting of specific neurotransmitters, their corresponding receptors, and the enzymes responsible for their production and degradation. Examples of well-known neurotransmitter systems include the dopamine system, serotonin system, and noradrenaline system. These systems are involved in a wide range of processes, including mood regulation, motor control, cognition, and sensory perception.
Disruptions or imbalances in neurotransmitter systems can lead to various neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease. Some medications and treatments target neurotransmitter systems to restore normal functioning and alleviate symptoms associated with these conditions.
Understanding the complexity and functioning of neurotransmitter systems is essential for further advancing our knowledge of the brain, developing new therapeutic interventions, and ultimately improving our understanding and treatment of neurological and mental health disorders.
Etymology of NEUROTRANSMITTER SYSTEM
The etymology of the word "neurotransmitter system" can be broken down as follows:
1. Neuro-: This prefix is derived from the Greek word "neuron", which means "nerve". It refers to the nervous system or nerves in general.
2. Trans-: This prefix comes from the Latin word "trans", meaning "across" or "beyond", indicating movement or transfer from one place to another.
3. -mitter: This suffix is derived from the Latin word "mittere", which means "to send". It suggests the idea of sending or transmitting something.
4. System: This word is derived from the Latin word "systema" and the Greek word "sustēma", both meaning "a whole composed of parts". It refers to a group of interconnected or interacting elements forming a unified whole.
