MITOTIC CYCLE Meaning and
Definition
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The mitotic cycle is a fundamental biological process that refers to the series of events or stages occurring during cell division, specifically during mitosis. It encompasses all the processes leading to the duplication and separation of the genetic material within a cell, resulting in the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells.
The mitotic cycle can be broken down into several distinct phases: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Interphase, the longest phase, involves cell growth and the replication of DNA. During prophase, the chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope breaks down. Metaphase follows, during which the replicated chromosomes align at the cell's equator. In anaphase, sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. Finally, in telophase, the nuclear envelope reassembles around the separated chromosomes, and the cell membrane pinches in to divide the cytoplasm.
The mitotic cycle is crucial for growth, development, and cellular repair in multicellular organisms, as it allows for the generation of new cells. It ensures the equal distribution of genetic material between daughter cells, maintaining the proper chromosome number and genetic integrity. The accurate progression through each phase of the mitotic cycle is tightly regulated by various molecular signals and checkpoints, preventing errors and ensuring the fidelity of cell division. Overall, the mitotic cycle is a highly coordinated process that is essential for the maintenance and perpetuation of life.
Common Misspellings for MITOTIC CYCLE
- nitotic cycle
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Etymology of MITOTIC CYCLE
The word "mitotic" comes from the Greek word "mitos", meaning "thread" or "thread-like structure". The term "mitosis" was coined by German biologist Walther Flemming in 1882 to describe the process of cell division where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
The word "cycle" derived from the Latin word "cyclus", which came from the Greek word "kyklos", meaning "circle" or "wheel". In the context of biology, a "cycle" refers to a recurring sequence of events.
Therefore, the term "mitotic cycle" refers to the sequence of events involved in mitosis, where a cell undergoes a process of nuclear division, followed by cell division, resulting in the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells.
