MICROORGANISM Meaning and
Definition
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A microorganism refers to any microscopic living organism that is invisible to the naked eye, typically measuring less than 0.1 millimeters in size. These minute creatures fall under the classification of life known as microbiology. Microorganisms can be found in every possible habitat on Earth, thriving in diverse environments, including extreme conditions that would be inhospitable to most macroscopic organisms.
Microorganisms encompass an extensive range of organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and protozoa. Bacteria are single-celled organisms that lack a distinct nucleus and organelles but play critical roles in various ecological processes. Fungi are eukaryotic organisms, including molds and yeasts, that often reproduce through spores and play vital roles in ecological nutrient cycling. Viruses, though not strictly considered organisms, are entities consisting of genetic material encased in a protein coat that can infect living cells and reproduce within them. Archaea are single-celled microorganisms similar in appearance to bacteria, but with distinctive genetic and metabolic characteristics. Finally, protozoa are eukaryotic, animal-like microorganisms that are mostly unicellular and can be free-living or parasitic.
Microorganisms have profound impacts on human health, the environment, and industry. While some microorganisms cause diseases in humans and animals, many others contribute to essential processes like nutrient recycling, decomposition, and nitrogen fixation. Moreover, microorganisms play a key role in producing various foods such as cheese, yogurt, and bread, as well as contributing to the production of medicines, vaccines, and biofuels. Overall, microorganisms exhibit immense diversity and exert a significant influence on the world around us.
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A microscopic plant or animal, a bacterium or protozoon.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
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Etymology of MICROORGANISM
The word microorganism is derived from the combination of two Greek words: mikros, meaning small, and organismos, meaning organism or living being.
Similar spelling word for MICROORGANISM
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