Keloids are abnormal growths of fibrous tissue that form at the site of a healed skin injury, such as a surgical incision, piercing, burn, or cut. They can occur in people of any age or race, but are more common in individuals with darker skin tones.
Characterized by their raised and thickened appearance, keloids extend beyond the boundaries of the original wound and can vary in color, ranging from pink to red or brown. Although they are benign and do not develop into cancer, keloids can cause significant discomfort, pain, and itching, impacting an individual's quality of life.
Keloids form when an overproduction of collagen occurs during the healing process. Collagen is a protein responsible for maintaining skin elasticity and structure. While some scars naturally fade and become less noticeable over time, keloids do not regress spontaneously and may continue to grow larger, even extending beyond the initial injury site. They can persist for years or indefinitely if left untreated.
Treatment options for keloids include surgical removal, corticosteroid injections, cryotherapy, laser therapy, radiation, and silicone gel or sheeting application. However, keloids have a high likelihood of recurrence even after treatment.
It is important for individuals prone to keloid formation to take preventive measures to minimize their risk, such as avoiding unnecessary skin procedures, using pressure dressings or silicone sheets on fresh wounds, and applying sunscreen to protect against ultraviolet radiation. Consulting with a healthcare professional or dermatologist is advisable for appropriate management and intervention.
