Intracranial arterial diseases are medical conditions characterized by abnormalities or disorders that affect the arteries within the brain. The brain contains a complex network of arteries that supply oxygen and nutrients to its various regions. Any disruption or impairment in the functioning of these arteries can lead to intracranial arterial diseases.
There are different types of intracranial arterial diseases, including but not limited to:
1. Cerebral Aneurysms: These are bulges or weak spots in the blood vessels of the brain. If left untreated, cerebral aneurysms can rupture, leading to bleeding in the brain.
2. Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM): It is an abnormal tangle of blood vessels in the brain. AVMs disrupt the normal flow of blood, which can cause symptoms such as seizures, headaches, or neurological deficits.
3. Ischemic Stroke: This occurs when there is a blockage or reduction in blood supply to a specific part of the brain, resulting in cell damage or death. Common causes of ischemic stroke include atherosclerosis and blood clots.
4. Moyamoya disease: A rare condition where the blood vessels in the brain gradually narrow and can lead to the formation of abnormal blood vessels in an attempt to compensate for the reduced blood flow.
The symptoms of intracranial arterial diseases can vary but may include headaches, dizziness, weakness, numbness, difficulty speaking, or changes in vision. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent potential complications, such as brain damage or stroke.
Management options for intracranial arterial diseases may include medication, lifestyle modifications, surgical interventions, or endovascular procedures to restore blood flow and prevent further damage to the brain.
