Infectious conjunctivitis is a common eye infection that is caused by bacteria, viruses, or other types of germs. The word "conjunctivitis" is pronounced [kənˌdʒʌŋk.tɪˈvaɪ.tɪs] in IPA phonetic transcription, with the stress on the second syllable. The spelling of this word reflects the etymology of "conjunctivitis", which comes from Latin "conjunctivus" meaning "related to the eye". The "i" in "infectious" is pronounced as [ɪ], while the "o" is pronounced as [ɑ]. Together, the word is pronounced [ɪnˌfɛk.ʃəs kənˌdʒʌŋk.tɪˈvaɪ.tɪs].
Infectious conjunctivitis, also commonly referred to as pink eye, is a contagious eye condition characterized by inflammation of the conjunctiva. The conjunctiva is the thin, transparent membrane that covers the white part of the eye and lines the inner surface of the eyelids. This condition is called infectious conjunctivitis because it is primarily caused by a viral or bacterial infection.
Viral conjunctivitis is the most common form, typically caused by adenoviruses, and is highly contagious. It is often accompanied by symptoms such as redness, watery discharge, itching, and swollen eyelids. Bacterial conjunctivitis, on the other hand, can be caused by various bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pneumoniae. It is also contagious and leads to similar symptoms, including sticky discharge and crusty eyelids upon waking.
Infectious conjunctivitis can be easily transmitted through direct contact with infected eyes, hands, or contaminated objects like towels or makeup brushes. It is particularly prevalent in settings where people are in close proximity, such as schools, daycare centers, or offices.
Treatment for infectious conjunctivitis depends on the underlying cause. Viral conjunctivitis typically improves without specific treatment, while bacterial conjunctivitis may require antibiotic eye drops or ointments. It is crucial for individuals with this condition to maintain good hygiene, such as frequent handwashing and avoiding touching the eyes, to prevent spreading the infection to others.
The word "infectious conjunctivitis" consists of two parts: "infectious" and "conjunctivitis".
1. "Infectious": The word "infectious" is derived from the Latin word "infectiosus", which comes from the verb "inficere", meaning "to contaminate" or "to pollute". It ultimately traces back to the Latin prefix "in-" (meaning "not") and the verb "facere" (meaning "to do" or "to make"). Therefore, "infectious" refers to something that can cause infection or is easily transmitted from one person to another.
2. "Conjunctivitis": The word "conjunctivitis" is composed of two components: "conjunctiva" and the suffix "-itis".