Hypotension is a medical term used to describe low blood pressure in an individual. Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels. It is measured using two values: systolic pressure (the higher value when the heart contracts) and diastolic pressure (the lower value when the heart is at rest). Hypotension occurs when these values fall below the normal range.
In general, a systolic blood pressure reading lower than 90 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and a diastolic reading lower than 60 mmHg is considered hypotensive. However, it is important to note that the normal blood pressure range can vary between individuals, and some people might experience symptoms of low blood pressure even if their readings fall within the normal range.
Symptoms of hypotension can include dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, blurred vision, fatigue, and nausea. In some cases, low blood pressure can lead to inadequate blood flow to organs and tissues, causing complications such as shock.
There are various causes of hypotension, including dehydration, heart problems, hormonal imbalances, certain medications, blood loss, and sepsis. Treatment for hypotension largely depends on the underlying cause and may involve addressing the root issue, increasing fluid and salt intake, using medication, or making lifestyle modifications.
It is important for individuals experiencing persistent symptoms of low blood pressure to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and appropriate management.
