Hematochezia is a medical term that refers to the presence of fresh blood in the stool. The word is derived from the Greek words "haima," meaning blood, and "chezo," meaning to defecate. It is often used to describe a symptom rather than a specific condition, as it can be associated with various underlying causes.
The appearance of bright red blood in the feces is the characteristic feature of hematochezia. This indicates that the bleeding is occurring in the lower gastrointestinal tract, such as the rectum, anus, colon, or lower part of the small intestine. The blood is typically mixed with the stool or present as separate, noticeable blood clots.
There are several potential causes of hematochezia, ranging from less concerning to more serious conditions. Common causes include hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and inflammation of the colon, such as in inflammatory bowel disease or diverticulitis. In some cases, more severe conditions like colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal ulcers, or vascular abnormalities can also lead to hematochezia.
Diagnosis and appropriate treatment depend on identifying the underlying cause of hematochezia. Medical professionals will often conduct a thorough medical history, physical examination, and may recommend further tests, such as colonoscopy, endoscopy, or imaging studies, to determine the cause of bleeding.
It is important to seek medical attention if you experience hematochezia, as it can be a sign of a significant health issue that requires proper evaluation and management.
