Glutathione S Transferase C (GST-C), also known as GST-π, is an enzyme belonging to the family of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). GSTs are a diverse group of enzymes involved in the detoxification and biotransformation of various xenobiotic compounds, including drugs, carcinogens, and environmental toxins, by conjugating them with the antioxidant molecule glutathione.
GST-C is one of the subtypes of GSTs encoded by the GSTP1 gene. It is mainly expressed in the cytosol of tissues such as liver, kidneys, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. Due to its versatile metabolic capabilities, GST-C plays a crucial role in the cellular defense against toxic substances and oxidative stress. It participates in the detoxification of a wide range of electrophilic compounds, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and products of oxidative damage.
The function of GST-C is primarily attributed to its ability to bind glutathione and catalyze the conjugation reaction with electrophilic substrates. This detoxification process makes the harmful substances more water-soluble and facilitates their elimination from the body, thus protecting cells and tissues from potential damage.
The expression and activity of GST-C can be influenced by various factors, such as genetic polymorphisms, exposure to environmental toxins, and certain diseases. Altered levels or function of GST-C have been associated with susceptibility to drug toxicity, increased cancer risk, and oxidative stress-related conditions.
In summary, Glutathione S Transferase C (GST-C) is an important enzyme involved in the detoxification and biotransformation of toxic and oxidative stress-inducing compounds. It plays a critical role in cellular defense mechanisms and maintaining overall cellular health.
