Glutathione S-transferase B, also known as GSTB, is a class of enzymes that belong to the larger family of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). These enzymes play a crucial role in the body's defense system against oxidative stress and toxic compounds. GSTB enzymes are specifically involved in the detoxification and metabolism of a wide variety of xenobiotic substances, including drugs, environmental pollutants, and carcinogens.
The name "glutathione S-transferase" reflects the key function of these enzymes, which is to transfer the tripeptide glutathione (GSH) to various target molecules. By conjugating GSH to these compounds, GSTB enzymes facilitate their subsequent elimination from the body. This process is particularly important for protecting cells and tissues from damage caused by harmful substances.
The letter "B" in GSTB indicates a specific subclassification within the glutathione S-transferase family. Different subclasses of GST play unique roles in the detoxification process and may have distinct substrate preferences.
Glutathione S-transferase B enzymes are widely expressed throughout the body, with various isoforms found in different tissues. Their levels may be influenced by genetic factors, environmental exposures, and pathological conditions. Altered GSTB activity has been associated with a range of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and drug resistance.
In summary, glutathione S-transferase B enzymes are a critical component of the body's detoxification machinery, playing a crucial role in the metabolism and elimination of xenobiotic substances.
