Glutamate Aspartate Transaminase (GOT), also known as Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), is an enzyme primarily found in the cells of the liver, heart, skeletal muscles, kidneys, and brain. It plays a crucial role in various metabolic processes and is involved in the conversion of aspartate and α-ketoglutarate to glutamate and oxaloacetate. This interconversion of amino acids is known as transamination, which employs the transfer of amino groups from one molecule to another.
GOT is commonly measured in medical tests to assess liver and heart health. Increased levels of GOT in the blood may indicate liver damage, as the enzyme is released into the bloodstream when liver cells are injured or destroyed. Elevated AST levels can also be observed in conditions like myocardial infarction (heart attack), muscle injury, alcohol abuse, and certain types of cancer.
Conversely, low levels of GOT are typically not clinically significant. However, these levels can be affected by various factors such as nutrition, age, and medications. Therefore, it is crucial to interpret GOT results in conjunction with other clinical findings to make an accurate diagnosis or monitor disease progression.
In summary, Glutamate Aspartate Transaminase (GOT) is an enzyme involved in the transfer of amino groups between aspartate and α-ketoglutarate, converting them into glutamate and oxaloacetate. Its levels in blood tests can indicate liver and heart damage or other medical conditions, helping in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients.
