GENETIC MUTATION Meaning and
Definition
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Genetic mutation refers to a spontaneous and permanent change that occurs in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome. It is a fundamental process within the field of genetics, leading to genetic diversity and evolution. A mutation can involve an alteration in a single nucleotide, known as a point mutation, or it can encompass large-scale changes such as deletions, insertions, or rearrangements of DNA segments.
Genetic mutations can occur naturally, without any external influence, or as a result of exposure to mutagens, which are agents that increase the rate of mutation. These mutagens can include chemicals, radiation (such as ultraviolet rays or X-rays), or certain viruses. Mutations can take place in various types of cells, including germ cells (reproductive cells, like eggs and sperm) or somatic cells (non-reproductive cells).
Depending on where a mutation occurs in the DNA sequence, its impact can vary significantly. Some mutations are benign and have little to no effect on an organism's phenotype, while others can result in severe genetic disorders or diseases. Additionally, mutations can have advantageous effects, providing an evolutionary advantage by enhancing an organism's ability to adapt to its environment.
Genetic mutations are the driving force behind genetic variation, which is essential for species survival and evolution. They serve as the raw material for evolutionary changes, allowing species to adapt and diversify over time. Through genetic mutations, organisms acquire new traits that can contribute to their fitness and change the genetic makeup of populations.
Common Misspellings for GENETIC MUTATION
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Etymology of GENETIC MUTATION
The word "genetic" originates from the Greek word "genetikos", which means "relating to generation or origin". It is derived from the word "genesis", meaning "birth" or "origin".
The term "mutation" comes from the Latin word "mutatio", which means "a changing or alteration". It stems from the verb "mutare", which means "to change".
Therefore, the term "genetic mutation" combines the Greek and Latin elements, indicating a change or alteration in the origin or generation of genetic material.
Similar spelling words for GENETIC MUTATION
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