GENETIC PROFILING Meaning and
Definition
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Genetic profiling is a laboratory technique used to analyze an individual's genetic material, particularly their DNA, to gather information about their genetic makeup or characteristics. Also known as DNA profiling or genetic fingerprinting, it involves the examination of specific regions of DNA that are unique to each individual. This technique allows scientists to establish a person's genetic profile, which serves as a distinct genetic identifier.
The process of genetic profiling involves extracting DNA samples from biological materials such as blood, hair, saliva, or even skin cells. The DNA is then amplified using a technique called polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which creates multiple copies of the genetic material for analysis. Next, specific regions of the DNA, known as genetic markers or polymorphisms, are examined using various methods such as gel electrophoresis or DNA sequencing. By comparing the genetic profiles obtained from different individuals, it is possible to determine relationships, identify individuals, or detect genetic predispositions to certain diseases.
Genetic profiling finds applications in various fields, including forensic science, paternity testing, and medical genetics. In forensics, it plays a crucial role in criminal investigations by matching DNA samples found at crime scenes to potential suspects. In paternity testing, it helps establish biological relationships based on similarities or differences in the genetic profiles of individuals. In medical genetics, genetic profiling enables the identification of specific gene variations or mutations associated with inherited disorders or susceptibility to diseases, providing valuable insights into personalized medical care and the development of targeted therapies. However, it is important to handle genetic profiling information ethically and ensure privacy and confidentiality to avoid potential misuse or discrimination.
Common Misspellings for GENETIC PROFILING
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Etymology of GENETIC PROFILING
The word "genetic" is derived from the Greek word "genetikos", meaning "origin" or "pertaining to generation". It is related to the Greek word "genesis", which means "birth" or "origin". The term "genetic" refers to the study of genes, heredity, and the variation of inherited characteristics.
The term "profiling" stems from the verb "profile", which originated from the Italian word "profilare" and the French word "profil". It initially denoted the act of drawing or outlining the shape of an object or figure. Over time, it came to be used metaphorically to describe the analysis or description of a person's characteristics, behavior, or psychology based on available information.
Similar spelling words for GENETIC PROFILING
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