Feline leukemia virus, commonly known as FeLV, is a viral infection that affects domestic cats and some other feline species. It belongs to the retrovirus family and primarily attacks the immune system, leading to a weakened immune response against various infections and diseases.
FeLV is mainly transmitted through close contact with infected cats, including via saliva, nasal secretions, urine, and feces. Additionally, it can be transmitted from an infected mother cat to her kittens during pregnancy or through nursing. Outdoor cats, multi-cat households, and cats with weakened immune systems are particularly at risk of contracting FeLV.
The symptoms of FeLV infection can vary depending on the stage of the disease and the individual cat's immune response. In the early stages, infected cats may be asymptomatic or display mild symptoms such as lethargy, loss of appetite, weight loss, and mild respiratory or gastrointestinal issues. However, as the disease progresses, more serious symptoms such as anemia, susceptibility to secondary infections, swollen lymph nodes, and tumors may develop.
Unfortunately, there is no cure for FeLV, so prevention and management are essential. Vaccination is available to protect cats against the virus, and regular testing is recommended, especially for cats with potential exposure risks. FeLV-positive cats should be kept indoors and separate from uninfected cats to prevent further transmission. Additionally, maintaining a clean and stress-free environment, providing a balanced diet, and regular veterinary care can help manage the symptoms and prolong the infected cat's quality of life.
