EXISTENTIALISM Meaning and
Definition
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Existentialism is a philosophical movement that emerged in the 20th century, primarily in Europe, and revolves around the exploration of individual existence, human freedom, and the search for meaning in life. It emphasizes the subjective experience of existence and rejects traditional notions of objective truths and universal values. Existentialism focuses on the individual's personal responsibility for their actions and choices, as well as their unique experiences and perspectives.
At the core of existentialism is the belief that existence precedes essence, meaning that individuals are not born with a predetermined purpose or nature, but rather create their own essence through their actions and choices. It emphasizes the inherent freedom and autonomy of individuals to define their own lives and create their own meaning. This freedom, however, is often accompanied by a sense of anxiety, as individuals must grapple with the responsibility and consequences of their decisions.
Existentialism also delves into the human condition, exploring themes such as alienation, dread, and the quest for authenticity. It rejects the notion of an objective or transcendent meaning of life, encouraging individuals to confront the fundamental question of existence and find their own purpose through introspection and personal reflection.
Key figures associated with existentialism include Jean-Paul Sartre, Albert Camus, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Martin Heidegger. Their writings and ideas have had a significant impact on various fields such as philosophy, literature, psychology, and even popular culture. Overall, existentialism offers a philosophical framework for understanding and grappling with the complexities and uncertainties of human existence.
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Etymology of EXISTENTIALISM
The word "existentialism" has its roots in the Latin word "existēre", which means "to exist". The "-entia" suffix in Latin is used to denote a state or condition. Therefore, the word "existentialism" is formed by combining "existēre" with the suffix "-entia", indicating the state or condition of existence. The term "existentialism" was first coined by the French philosopher Gabriel Marcel in the early 20th century, and later popularized by other prominent existentialist thinkers such as Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus.
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