The Constitution of Nigeria refers to the supreme law governing the Federal Republic of Nigeria. It is the fundamental guiding document that outlines the structure, functions, and powers of the government, as well as the rights and obligations of its citizens. The current Constitution was adopted in 1999 and has been amended several times to reflect societal changes and address emerging issues.
The Constitution of Nigeria is divided into various parts, covering aspects such as the preamble, fundamental objectives, and directive principles of state policy, citizenship, the powers and functions of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, and the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals.
The Constitution provides for a federal system of government with three tiers: federal, state, and local governments, each equipped with their respective powers and responsibilities. It establishes the President as the head of state, who exercises executive power, alongside other elected officials and government agencies.
Furthermore, the Constitution guarantees certain fundamental rights, including the right to life, liberty, and security of person, freedom of speech, expression, assembly, and association, the right to own property, and the right to equal treatment and non-discrimination.
The Constitution also includes procedures for amendment, with the requirents for amendments being stringent to ensure stability and the protection of democratic principles. It serves as the foundation for the legal system and serves as a reference point for the creation of other laws and regulations in Nigeria.
