Cerebral artery disease is a medical condition characterized by the narrowing or blockage of arteries that supply blood to the brain. It is commonly referred to as cerebrovascular disease and can result in various health complications, including strokes, transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), and vascular dementia.
The cerebral arteries are responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to the brain, ensuring its proper functioning. However, due to factors such as atherosclerosis (the buildup of plaque in artery walls), blood clots, or arterial inflammation, these arteries can become partially or completely blocked, reducing blood flow to the brain.
Cerebral artery disease can manifest with a range of symptoms, depending on the affected artery and the severity of the blockage. Some common symptoms include sudden weakness or numbness in the face, arm, or leg, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, severe headache, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination, and visual disturbances.
The risk factors for developing cerebral artery disease include advanced age, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, diabetes, smoking, obesity, family history of heart disease or stroke, and a sedentary lifestyle.
Treatment for cerebrovascular disease typically involves a combination of medication to manage risk factors such as high blood pressure and lifestyle modifications like adopting a healthy diet, regular exercise, and quitting smoking. In severe cases, surgical interventions such as angioplasty or carotid endarterectomy may be required to restore normal blood flow to the brain.
