Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs) refer to abnormal tangles of blood vessels in the brain that have a direct connection between arteries and veins, without the usual intervening capillaries. A cerebral AVM is a congenital condition, meaning it is present at birth though it may remain undetected until later in life.
These malformations often vary in size and shape, and can occur anywhere in the brain. AVMs have weakened blood vessels that may rupture and cause bleeding within the brain, leading to a hemorrhagic stroke. Although the exact cause of AVMs is unknown, genetic factors likely play a role.
Symptoms of cerebral AVMs may depend on its size, location, and age of onset. Common signs include seizures, severe headaches, muscle weakness or numbness, difficulty speaking or understanding words, and visual disturbances. However, some individuals with AVMs may remain asymptomatic, and their condition is only discovered incidentally during medical imaging scans taken for other reasons.
The treatment for cerebral AVMs aims to prevent hemorrhages and manage associated symptoms. Treatment options include surgery, endovascular embolization, and radiation therapy. The choice of treatment depends on the size, location, and overall condition of the patient. Regular monitoring and follow-up care are important to assess the AVM's stability and potential risks.
Given their unpredictable nature, cerebral AVMs require proper medical evaluation and management to minimize potential complications and ensure the best possible outcome for affected individuals.
