CAROTID BODY Meaning and
Definition
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The carotid body is a small, highly vascularized organ located at the bifurcation of the carotid arteries, which are major blood vessels in the neck. It is a chemoreceptor that plays a crucial role in monitoring and regulating the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH in the arterial blood. The carotid body consists of clusters of specialized cells called glomus cells, which are surrounded by connective tissue and protected by a fibrous capsule.
When the arterial blood passing through the carotid body becomes low in oxygen or high in carbon dioxide, the glomus cells are stimulated and release chemical signals, such as neurotransmitters, that trigger the respiratory centers in the brainstem to adjust breathing rate and depth. Additionally, the carotid body also responds to changes in blood pH, helping to maintain acid-base balance.
Disorders or abnormalities of the carotid body can lead to dysregulation in the body's respiratory function and acid-base balance. For example, tumors called carotid body tumors or chemodectomas can develop within the carotid body, potentially causing enlargement and impairing its normal regulatory functions. These tumors can result in symptoms such as difficulty breathing, palpitations, and high blood pressure.
Overall, the carotid body serves as a vital sensory organ, constantly monitoring the blood composition and aiding in the maintenance of homeostasis in the body.
Common Misspellings for CAROTID BODY
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Etymology of CAROTID BODY
The word "carotid" originates from the Greek word "karōtides", which means "relating to the carotid artery". The term "carotid" is based on the Greek word "karōtos", meaning "deep sleep". This name was given because applying pressure to the carotid artery can cause unconsciousness.
The term "body" in "carotid body" refers to an anatomical structure or organ. Hence, the "carotid body" refers to an organ located at the bifurcation of the carotid artery in the neck. The carotid body functions as a chemoreceptor, detecting changes in the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH in the blood.
Similar spelling words for CAROTID BODY
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