Carotid bruit is a medical term used to describe an abnormal sound heard during a physical exam of the carotid arteries in the neck. The IPA phonetic transcription for this word is /kəˈrɑtɪd brui̯t/, with the stress on the second syllable. The spelling of this word is derived from the French word "bruit" meaning noise or sound, and "carotid" referring to the two main arteries that supply blood to the head and neck. Early detection and treatment of carotid bruit is crucial in preventing stroke.
A carotid bruit refers to an abnormal sound or murmur that is heard when listening to the carotid arteries in the neck using a stethoscope. It is typically described as a blowing or whooshing sound, which is produced due to turbulent blood flow through the carotid artery. The carotid arteries are the major blood vessels located in the neck that supply blood to the brain.
The presence of a carotid bruit suggests a narrowing or blockage of the carotid artery, known as carotid artery stenosis. It is usually caused by a buildup of plaque within the artery walls, a condition known as atherosclerosis. The turbulent blood flow created by this narrowing or blockage produces the characteristic sound of the bruit. The narrowing of the carotid artery can lead to an increased risk of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), commonly referred to as a mini-stroke.
The detection of a carotid bruit can be an important clinical finding as it may indicate the need for further evaluation and management to prevent potential complications. Diagnostic tests such as carotid ultrasound or angiography may be performed to assess the degree of stenosis and guide appropriate treatment strategies.
Overall, a carotid bruit is an abnormal sound heard over the carotid artery, indicating possible narrowing or blockage of the artery, and may necessitate further investigation and intervention to reduce the risk of stroke.
The word "carotid" originates from the Greek word "karōtides", meaning "of the neck". "Bruit" is derived from the French word "bruit", which means "noise" or "sound". Together, "carotid bruit" refers to an abnormal sound heard upon auscultation (listening) of the carotid artery in the neck.