Cancer of the tongue, also known as tongue cancer, refers to the malignant growth or development of abnormal cells within the tissues of the tongue. This condition typically arises due to uncontrolled cellular division and multiplication, which can cause a cancerous tumor to form.
Tongue cancer can occur on different parts of the tongue, including the front (anterior tongue), middle, or back (posterior tongue). It is most commonly found on the surface of the tongue, where it may initially start as a small sore or ulcer that does not heal over time. As the cancer progresses, it may invade deeper into the tongue tissues and potentially spread to adjacent structures such as the lymph nodes in the neck.
The causes of tongue cancer can vary, but certain risk factors are often associated with its development. These include tobacco and alcohol use, especially when combined, as well as human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Additionally, individuals over the age of 40, particularly men, have a higher likelihood of developing tongue cancer.
Symptoms of tongue cancer may include persistent mouth ulcers, pain or difficulty when swallowing, a lump or thickening in the tongue, changes in speech or voice, bleeding, or numbness in the mouth or tongue. If left untreated, tongue cancer can have severe consequences, including potential spread to other parts of the body and a negative impact on overall health and well-being.
Treatment for tongue cancer often involves a combination of therapies, such as surgery to remove the affected tissue, radiation therapy to target and destroy cancer cells, and chemotherapy to kill cancer cells throughout the body. Early detection and timely treatment are crucial in optimizing the chances of successful recovery and reducing the potential for complications.
