Cancer of the uterus, also known as uterine cancer or endometrial cancer, is a malignant disease that originates in the cells lining the uterus, primarily in the endometrium. The uterus, or womb, is an important reproductive organ located in the pelvic cavity of females. Uterine cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the endometrium multiply uncontrollably, forming a tumor.
The condition typically affects post-menopausal women, although it can also occur in pre-menopausal women, especially those exposed to high levels of estrogen. Factors such as obesity, hormonal imbalances, hereditary predisposition, and age-related changes in the endometrium are known to increase the risk of developing uterine cancer.
Symptoms of this condition may include abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially after menopause, pelvic pain or pressure, difficulty urinating or emptying the bladder, and pain during sexual intercourse. However, it's important to note that some women with uterine cancer may remain asymptomatic in the early stages of the disease.
Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and various tests, including imaging studies (ultrasound, MRI), biopsy, and dilatation and curettage (D&C). Treatment options for uterine cancer may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these modalities, depending on the stage and spread of the disease.
Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial to improving the chances of successful outcomes and long-term survival. Regular pelvic exams, awareness of risk factors, and seeking medical attention for any concerning symptoms are important for the early detection and management of uterine cancer.
